	Emerging Technology Fall Semester, 2004 XSLT
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CS 683 Emerging Technologies Fall Semester, 2004 Doc 9 XSLT

Hello World Example

Applying Transformations

Copyright ©, All rights reserved. 2004 SDSU & Roger Whitney, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182-7700 USA. OpenContent ( http://www.opencontent.org/opl.shtml) license defines the copyright on this document.

CS 683 Fall 04

Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 2

References

XSL Transformations (XSLT) Version 1.0

http://www.w3.org/TR/xslt

Learning XML , Erik Ray, O'Reilly, 2001

ZVON Miloslav Nic’s XSLT Tutorial, http://www.zvon.org/xxl/XSLTutorial/Output/index.html

ZVON Miloslav Nic’s & Jiri Jirat XPath Tutorial, http://www.zvon.org/xxl/XPathTutorial/General/examples.html

W3Schools XSLT Tutorial, http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/default.asp

CS 683 Fall 04

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Transforming XML - XSLT

Extensible Stylesheet Language for Transformation (XSLT)

Presentation layer for XML
Subset of XSL
Based on transformations rules
A rule matches XML elements
Each rule specifies output in XML

CS 683 Fall 04

Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 4

Hello World Example

File hello.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="hello.xsl"?>
<greetings>Hello World</greetings>

File hello.xsl

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" 
   xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:template match="/">
   <html>
      <title>
         <xsl:value-of select="greetings"/>
      </title>
   <body>
      <h1>
         <xsl:value-of select="greetings"/>
      </h1>
   </body>
   </html>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>


CS 683 Fall 04 Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 5

Applying Transformations

Browser based

Place both files in the same directory

Open hello.xml with an XML/XSLT aware web browser

IE 6
Netscape 6 or 7 (7 is better)
FireFox
Camino

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Program BasedVisualWorks

Load the parcel xsl.pst. The following code assumes the files are in the same directory at the image. For more information read pages 529 to 533 of the VisualWorks Developers Guide.

xslRules := ( XSL.RuleDatabase new ) readFileNamed: 'hello.xsl'. 
parser := XMLParser new validate: false. 
xmlDocument := parser parse: 'hello.xml' asFilename readStream.
transformedDocument := xslRules process: xmlDocument.

transformedDocument

<html>
   <title>Hello World</title>
   <body>
      <h1>Hello World</h1>
   </body>
</html>

CS 683 Fall 04

Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 7

Java

Download Xalan-Java ( http://xml.apache.org/xalan-j/)

Place the xalan-2.6.0.jar in your classpath

Command-line

java org.apache.xalan.xslt.Process -in hello.xml -xsl hello.xsl

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Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 8

Program

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
   
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;
   
public class SimpleTransform
   {
   public static void main(String[] args) throws 
      TransformerException, TransformerConfigurationException, 
      FileNotFoundException, IOException
      {  
      TransformerFactory tFactory = 
         TransformerFactory.newInstance();
   
      Transformer transformer = 
         tFactory.newTransformer(new StreamSource("hello.xsl"));
   
      transformer.transform(
         new StreamSource("hello.xml"), 
         new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream("hello.html")));
      }
   }

CS 683 Fall 04

Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 9

<xsl:template>

<xsl:template> contains

match
What to do on a match

CS 683 Fall 04

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Some Matches

para matches any para element

* matches any element

chapter|appendix matches any chapter element and any appendix element

olist/item matches any item element with an olist parent

appendix//para matches any para element with an appendix ancestor element

/ matches the root node

text() matches any text node

id("W11") matches the element with unique ID W11

para[1] matches any para element that is the first para child element of its parent

items/item[position()>1] matches any item element that has a items parent and that is not the first item child of its parent

CS 683 Fall 04

Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 11

More Matching

@class matches any class attribute ( not any element that has a class attribute)

@* matches any attribute

div[@class="appendix"]//p matches any p element with a div ancestor element that has a class attribute with value appendix

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Some Match Examples

Input

<a>
   <b cat="sam">My Cat</b>
   <b>B2</b>
   <d>Your Dog</d>
   <c>
      <d dog="pete">My Dog</d>
   </c>
</a>

XSLT	Result
<xsl:template match="/"> <html><body> </body></html> </xsl:template>	<html> <body></body> </html>

XSLT	Result
<xsl:template match="/"> <html> <xsl:value-of select="//d" /> </html> </xsl:template>	<html> <body>Your Dog</body> </html>

CS 683 Fall 04

Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 13

Which Dog

<a>
   <b cat="sam">My Cat</b>
   <b>B2</b>
   <d>Your Dog</d>
   <c>
      <d dog="pete">My Dog</d>
   </c>
</a>

XSLT	Result
<xsl:template match="/"> <html><body> <xsl:value-of select="/a/d" /> </body></html> </xsl:template>	<html> <body>Your Dog</body> </html>

XSLT	Result
<xsl:template match="/"> <html><body> <xsl:value-of select="/a/c/d" /> </body></html> </xsl:template>	<html> <body>My Dog</body> </html>

XSLT	Result
<xsl:template match="/"> <html> <xsl:value-of select="d" /> </html> </xsl:template>	<html></html>

CS 683 Fall 04

Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 14

Input

<a>
   <b cat="sam">My Cat</b>
   <b>B2</b>
   <d>Your Dog</d>
   <c>
      <d dog="pete">My Dog</d>
   </c>
</a>

XSLT

Result

<xsl:template match="/">
   <html><body>
      <xsl:apply-templates />
   </body></html>
</xsl:template>
   
 <xsl:template match="b">
   <h1>
      <xsl:apply-templates />
   </h1>
</xsl:template>
   
 <xsl:template match="d">
   <b>
      <xsl:apply-templates />
   </b>
</xsl:template>

<html>
        <body>
   
                <h1>My Cat</h1>
        
                <h1>B2</h1>
        
                <b>Your Dog</b>
        
                
                <b>My Dog</b>
                
        
   
        </body>
</html>

Both <xsl:apply-templates> and <xsl:value-of > are recursive

CS 683 Fall 04

Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 15

Just The dogs?

Input

<a>
   <b cat="sam">My Cat</b>
   <b>B2</b>
   <c>
      <d dog="pete">My Dog</d>
   </c>
</a>

XSLT

Result

<xsl:template match="/">
   <html><body>
      <xsl:apply-templates />
   <body></html>
</xsl:template>
   
 <xsl:template match="d">
   <b>
      <xsl:apply-templates />
   </b>
</xsl:template>

<html>
        <body>
                
        My Cat
        B2
        
                <b>Your Dog</b>
                
        
                
                <b>My Dog</b>
                
        
   
        </body>
</html>

CS 683 Fall 04

Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 16

Built-in Rules

<xsl:template match="*|/">
  <xsl:apply-templates/>
</xsl:template>

<xsl:template match="text()|@*">
  <xsl:value-of select="."/>
</xsl:template>

<xsl:template match="processing-instruction()|comment()"/>

Built-in rules only apply if there is no other match for an element

CS 683 Fall 04

Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 17

Just the Dogs!

Input

<a>
   <b cat="sam">My Cat</b>
   <b>B2</b>
   <d>Your Dog</d>
   <c>
      <d dog="pete">My Dog</d>
   </c>
</a>

XSLT

Result

<xsl:template match="/">
   <html><body>
      <xsl:apply-templates />
   </body></html>
</xsl:template>
   
 <xsl:template match="d">
   <b>
      <xsl:value-of select="." />
   </b>
</xsl:template>
   
<xsl:template match="text()" />

<html>
        <body>
                <b>Your Dog</b>
                <b>My Dog</b>
        </body>
</html>

CS 683 Fall 04

Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 18

What Went wrong here?

XSLT

Result

<xsl:template match="/">
   <html><body>
      <xsl:apply-templates />
   </body></html>
</xsl:template>
   
 <xsl:template match="d">
   <b>
      <xsl:apply-templates />
   </b>
</xsl:template>
   
<xsl:template match="text()" />

<html>
        <body>
                <b></b>
                <b></b>
        </body>
</html>

CS 683 Fall 04

Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 19

More Built-in Rules

<a>
   <b cat="sam">My Cat</b>
   <b>B2</b>
   <d>Your Dog</d>
   <c>
      <d dog="pete">My Dog</d>
   </c>
</a>

XSLT	Result
<xsl:template match="d"> <b> <xsl:value-of select="." /> </b> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="text()" />	<b>Your Dog</b> <b>My Dog</b>

How is this rule applied to the d tags, which are nested inside the document?

CS 683 Fall 04

Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 20

Attributes

<a>
   <b cat="sam">My Cat</b>
   <b>B2</b>
   <d>Your Dog</d>
   <c>
      <d dog="pete">My Dog</d>
   </c>
</a>

XSLT

Result

<xsl:template match="/">
   <html><body>
      <xsl:apply-templates />
   </body></html>
</xsl:template>
   
<xsl:template match="@*">
   <p>
      <xsl:value-of select="." />
   </p>
</xsl:template>
   
<xsl:template match="text()" />

<html>
        <body>
                <p>sam</p>
                <p>pete</p>
        </body>
</html>

CS 683 Fall 04

Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 21

Both Attribute & Text Node

<a>
   <b cat="sam">My Cat</b>
   <b>B2</b>
   <d>Your Dog</d>
   <c>
      <d dog="pete">My Dog</d>
   </c>
</a>

XSLT

Result

<xsl:template match="/">
   <html><body>
      <xsl:apply-templates />
   </body></html>
</xsl:template>
   
<xsl:template match="b">
   <p>
      <xsl:value-of select="@cat" /> =
      <xsl:value-of select="." />
   </p>
</xsl:template>
   
<xsl:template match="text()" />

<html>
        <body>
                <p>sam =
                My Cat</p>
                <p> =
                B2</p>
        </body>
</html>

CS 683 Fall 04

Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 22

<xsl:if>

<a>
   <b cat="sam">My Cat</b>
   <b>B2</b>
   <d>Your Dog</d>
   <c>
      <d dog="pete">My Dog</d>
   </c>
</a>

XSLT

Result

<xsl:template match="/">
   <html><body>
      <xsl:apply-templates />
   </body></html>
</xsl:template>
   
<xsl:template match="b">
   <xsl:if test="@cat">
   <p>
      <xsl:value-of select="@cat" /> =
      <xsl:value-of select="." />
   </p>
   </xsl:if>
</xsl:template>
   
<xsl:template match="text()" />

<html>
        <body>
                <p>sam =
                My Cat</p>
        </body>
</html>

CS 683 Fall 04

Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 23

CD Catalog Example

Example from w3schools xsl on-line tutorial

http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/cdcatalog.xml

File catalog.xml

<?xml version="1.0" ?> 
<catalog>
   <cd>
      <title>Empire Burlesque</title>
      <artist>Bob Dylan</artist>
      <country>USA</country>
      <company>Columbia</company>
      <price>10.90</price>
      <year>1985</year>
   </cd>
   <cd>
      <title>Hide your heart</title>
      <artist>Bonnie Tyler</artist>
      <country>UK</country>
      <company>CBS Records</company>
      <price>9.90</price>
      <year>1988</year>
   </cd>
   <cd>
      <title>Greatest Hits</title>
      <artist>Dolly Parton</artist>
      <country>USA</country>
      <company>RCA</company>
      <price>9.90</price>
      <year>1982</year>
   </cd>
</catalog>
   
CS 683 Fall 04 Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 24

Does not print all CDs

<xsl:template match="/">
  <html>
  <body>    
    <table border="1">
      <tr bgcolor="#9acd32">
        <th>Title</th><th>Artist</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
      <td><xsl:value-of select="catalog/cd/title"/></td>
      <td><xsl:value-of select="catalog/cd/artist"/></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
  </body>
  </html>
</xsl:template>

Example from w3schools xsl on-line tutorial

CS 683 Fall 04

Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 25

<xsl:for-each>


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" 
   xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:template match="/">
  <html>
  <body>    
    <table border="1">
      <tr bgcolor="#9acd32">
        <th>Title</th><th>Artist</th>
      </tr>
      <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">
      <tr>
        <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td>
        <td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>
      </tr>
      </xsl:for-each>
    </table>
  </body>
  </html>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

Example from w3schools xsl on-line tutorial

CS 683 Fall 04

Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 26

Result

<html>
        <body>
                <table border="1">
                        <tr bgcolor="#9acd32">
                                <th>Title</th>
                                <th>Artist</th>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                                <td>Empire Burlesque</td>
                                <td>Bob Dylan</td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                                <td>Hide your heart</td>
                                <td>Bonnie Tyler</td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                                <td>Greatest Hits</td>
                                <td>Dolly Parton</td>
                        </tr>
                </table>
        </body>
</html>

CS 683 Fall 04

Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 27

<xsl:sort>

<xsl:template match="/">
  <html>
  <body>
    <h2>My CD Collection</h2>
    <table border="1">
      <tr bgcolor="#9acd32">
        <th>Title</th>
        <th>Artist</th>
      </tr>
      <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">
      <xsl:sort select="artist"/>
      <tr>
        <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td>
        <td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>
      </tr>
      </xsl:for-each>
    </table>
  </body>
  </html>
</xsl:template>

Example from w3schools xsl on-line tutorial

CS 683 Fall 04

Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 28

<xsl:if>

<xsl:template match="/">
  <html>
  <body>
<table border="1">
      <tr bgcolor="#9acd32">
        <th>Title</th>
        <th>Artist</th>
      </tr>
      <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">
      <xsl:if test="price &gt; 10">
        <tr>
          <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td>
          <td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>
        </tr>
      </xsl:if>
      </xsl:for-each>
    </table>
  </body>
  </html>
</xsl:template>

Example from w3schools xsl on-line tutorial

CS 683 Fall 04

Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 29

<xsl:choose>

<xsl:template match="/">
  <html>
  <body>
    <h2>My CD Collection</h2>
    <table border="1">
      <tr bgcolor="#9acd32">
        <th>Title</th>
        <th>Artist</th>
      </tr>
      <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">
      <tr>
        <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td>
        <xsl:choose>
          <xsl:when test="price &gt; 10">
            <td bgcolor="#ff00ff">
            <xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>
          </xsl:when>
          <xsl:otherwise>
            <td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>
          </xsl:otherwise>
        </xsl:choose>
      </tr>
      </xsl:for-each>
    </table>
  </body>
  </html>
</xsl:template>

Example from w3schools xsl on-line tutorial

CS 683 Fall 04

Doc 9, XSLT Slide # 30

<xsl:number>

<xsl:template match="/">
  <html>
  <body>
  <table border="1">
      <tr bgcolor="#9acd32">
        <th>Number</th>
        <th>Title</th>
        <th>Artist</th>
      </tr>
      <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">
        <xsl:sort select="artist"/>
       <tr>
        <td>  <xsl:number value="position()"/>
        </td>
        <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td>
        <td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>
       </tr>
      </xsl:for-each>
    </table>
  </body>
  </html>
</xsl:template>

2004 SDSU & Roger Whitney, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182-7700 USA.

OpenContent license defines the copyright on this document.

Previous visitors since 16-Sep-04 Next

Contents

References

Transforming XML - XSLT

Hello World Example

File hello.xml

File hello.xsl

Applying Transformations

Browser based

Program BasedVisualWorks

transformedDocument

Java

Command-line

Program

<xsl:template>

Some Matches

More Matching

Some Match Examples

Input

XSLT

Result

XSLT

Result

Which Dog

XSLT

Result

XSLT

Result

XSLT

Result

Input

XSLT

Result

Just The dogs?

Input

XSLT

Result

Built-in Rules

Just the Dogs!

Input

XSLT

Result

What Went wrong here?

XSLT

Result

More Built-in Rules

XSLT

Result

Attributes

XSLT

Result

Both Attribute & Text Node

XSLT

Result

<xsl:if>

XSLT

Result

CD Catalog Example

File catalog.xml

Does not print all CDs

<xsl:for-each>

Result

<xsl:sort>

<xsl:if>

<xsl:choose>

<xsl:number>